The nutritional status Essay Example for Free

The nutritional status EssayThe several(prenominal) (a male patient) was somewhat 59 in height and lading 105 kilograms, was obese (classified as fat by the Food Standard Agency, UK). He was stoutness by astir(predicate) 30 kilograms for his height. His waist circumference was about excess by about 6 to 7 centimetres, meaning that he had accumulated excessive subcutaneous fat in the abdominal and the hip region. His soundbox mass index (BMI) was also suggesting that he was obese and needed to lose weight (according to the Food Standard Agency, UK). His BMI was about 36. 3 and that of normal ranges from 18. 5 to 24. 9, and overweight ranges from 25. 0 to 29. 9.Any value about 30 is con billetred to be as obese (NHLBI). The individuals blood pressure is about 165/92 mm Hg which suggests that the individual is suffering from stage 2 or bare hypertension. Any value above 160 mm Hg systolic or 100 mm Hg diastolic can be considered as severe hypertension (according to Mayo Clin ic, 2007). The exact cause for the hypertension is genuinely non known, but several risk factors such as increased body weight, physical inactivity, high sodium intake, elevated blood glucose levels, high cholesterin and triglyceride levels, etc may play a major role in the fatherment of the ailment.The blood pressure is a product of the cardiac output and the peripheral vascular resistance. Since these are both raised, the blood pressure is elevated (Mayo Clinic, 2007). The individual is at a risk of development stroke, heart attacks, heart failure and kidney failures due to the severe hypertension (Medline Plus, 2007). The normal blood pressure ranges from 115 to 120 mm Hg for systole and 75 to 80 mm Hg for diastole (Mayo Clinic, 2007). The individuals cholesterin levels are about 7.5 mmol/L which puts him at a very high risk of developing heart disease (anything above 6. 2 mmol/L are considered as high-risk) (according to the NHBLI, 2001). The individuals plasma triglyceride level is slightly high which puts him at a higher risk of developing atherosclerosis, heart disease and stroke. Individuals with diabetes mellitus not undergoing treatment are also at a higher risk of developing elevated plasma triglyceride levels. The individuals fasting blood glucose level is about 8. 4 which is very high compared to the normal limits.This suggests that he could be suffering from type II diabetes mellitus (Mayo, 2006). Individuals who are suffering from diabetes mellitus are more likely to develop several complications including a fatal outcome when they are affected with a cardiovascular episode such as a heart attack or angina. The plasma sodium levels are slightly higher suggesting an increased risk of hypertension and developing heart diseases such as heart failure and leftover ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) (Better Health Channel, 2007). The plasma potassium levels are within normal ranges.The mean corpuscular value of the red blood cells is reduced (the ind ividual could be suffering from microcytic genus Anemia) which usually develops in iron deficiency anaemia (Lab Tests Online, 2005). The haemoglobin levels are also below normal suggesting that the individual is suffering from anaemia (Lab Tests Online, 2005). The Blood urea nitrogen levels are within normal limits, but are towards the higher side, suggesting that the individual could be having a risk of developing a heart attack or kidney failure in the future (Richards, T, 2005).The creatine kinase levels are within the normal limits in the body, but are towards the higher side suggesting that there is a risk of damage occurring to the muscles of the heart (MDA, 2000). The AST levels (a liver enzyme) are within normal limits. The individual is following a sedentary lifestyle and is ravage about 3500 cal per day which is far too much. His actual calorie consumption per day should be about 2500 calories per day (Nutri-Facts, 2000). The individual is consuming a forage of 45% car bohydrate, 40% fat and 15% protein.The intake of fats is very high. An idea ratio would be 60-70 % carbohydrates, 15 % proteins and 20 % fats. A high-fat diet is further alter to the cholesterol levels, the arthrosclerosis process and increasing the risk of hypertension and cardiovascular disease (Diabetes India). What dietary recommendations and life style changes would you recommend? Discuss the issues you would need to consider when constructing a suitable dietary regimen for this patient.The individual should ensure that he consumes a balanced diet not only containing adequate amounts of macronutrients (that is carbohydrates, fats and proteins), but also fit amounts of micronutrients (that is vitamins and minerals). The individual is suffering from iron deficiency anaemia, and hence a diet containing vitamin B12, folic acid and iron should be administered. Iron and Vitamin B supplements may also be required. Blood tests should be frequently conducted to ensure that the haemog lobin levels and the MCV are monitored (NHS, 2007).As the individual is suffering from diabetes mellitus, the intake of calories and fats should be reduced or modified. Simple sugars should be avoided and instead complex polysaccharides should be consumed (in the form of starch). The fibre quantity in the diet should also be increased. The individual should be treated for diabetes through insulin and/or oral-anti-diabetic drugs, as the sugar level is very high. The blood glucose levels should be constantly monitored to ensure that modifications are initiated as early as possible (Mayo, 2006).The individual should consume a low fat diet, which is about 20 % of the macro-nutrient ratio. More of High density lipoproteins (HDL) should be consumed instead of the low density lipoproteins (LDL). The LDL contributes to the bad cholesterol present in the body and could worsen the risk of developing heart disease (Diabetes India). The salt intake should be reduced as it could worsen the hyper tension and could also cause heart failure and fluid retention (Diabetes India). The individual requires treatment of hypertension so that the blood pressure is brought within limits and the risk of developing cardiovascular disease is lowered.Antihypertensive medications are required to control the blood pressure. Some of the different groups of drugs that may be required include diuretics, beta blockers, complete inhibitors, calcium channel blockers, vasodilators, etc (Mayo, 2007). These should be consumed as recommended by the physician. The individuals blood pressure should constantly be monitored to ensure that modifications are made as early as possible. Besides, lifestyle changes are also required, which are also required to control the diabetes and hypertension (Mayo, 2007).Medications should be taken regularly and on time. Meals should not be skipped and should be consumed on time as directed by the nutrients. Smoking should be stopped and alcohol consumption should be min imised. Feasting or fasting should be avoided. Regular exercises are necessary to ensure that the weight is brought to a level which is less damaging for the body. The individual should take adequate backup and consume plenty of water in a day (Mayo, 2006).References American Heart Association 2007. Triglycerides, Online, Available http//www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/bhcv2/bhcarticles.nsf/pages/Salt?open

My Future Job Essay Example for Free

My Future Job EssayDo you alike the thrill of working in the hospitals emergency department? Maybe you take the calmer and less stressful primptings of a medical clinic. One thing we all must choose upon graduating is the work place we would like to see ourselves in. For me, I would like to work in a medical clinic or doctors right. I prefer the 8 to 5 schedule that you see in an office setting as to the crazy hours hospitals keep. As a working mom, this leave alone benefit not only me, but also my children. Because I have a remarkably relaxed personality, I would work better in a medical office. I do not work puff up under extreme pressures. Do not set off me wrong, I realize that raze in a doctors office, things can get hectic at times but, even on the worst of days in an office is still not as stressful as working in a hospital. Having a set schedule with no working holidays or weekends is much more favorable to me as I go away be a working mom with both small childr en. This schedule will allow me to spend quality family time with my children and provide income to care for them. I will have the chance to champion with readiness and still be able to be in that location for significant events such as sporting events or spelling bees. Another way that this schedule will help me is that, on holidays and weekends, I will not have to struggle to find a babysitter or put my children in daycare. This in turn, will save me money.Another reason that I would prefer the medical office setting is the fact that I will get the chance to populate distributively of the patients. I am truly a people person I would rather get to know someone rather than rush around them. In an office setting, I will have the opportunity to spend more time with the each of the patients and get a feel for who they are, and better ways to help them. Knowing the patients is a momentous challenge that is worth all the rewards it brings. I have seen a myriad of patients switch pro viders forthe fact that the doctors, nurses and staff seem uncaring. When you get to know the person and are able to empathize with them, you not only establish better care for what the patient needs but also take the trust and respect of the patient.As I see it, these are the only reasons I need, to recognize exactly where I see myself working. Having a assembly line that meshes well with my personality is indispensable to me. I want to wake up each morning and not be able to wait to go to work. The financial stability, slice still being able to watch and help my children grow is priceless to me. There is nothing more valuable than being able to be there to support your children in all that they do having a job that allows me to be there is the only kind for me. Plus add in the benefits of getting to know another unique human being on a daily basis, and helping them prosper, makes working in a medical office the perfect job for me.

Study On The Seagate Technology Buyout Finance Essay

Study On The Seagate Technology Buyout Finance EssayMotivation and structure of the transaction. In early(a) 1999, Seagate was planning on major restructuring proposal with the private justice business theatre, Silver Lake partners L.P. The plan implied a leveraged buyout of Seagates track record causal agent trading ope balancens, followed by the measure free ascertainment of Seagates remaining assets by VERITAS Softw be Corporation. The choice for this ii step transaction was mainly a result of Seagates 40 portion ownership of VERITASs parking lot demarcation. In the previous year the share price of VERITAS emergenced signifi endtly and the commercialise survey of Seagates share in VERITAS had come to substantially exceed Seagates entire market capitalization. The value gap was a result of the perceived tax liability by the market if Seagate were to deal out its VERITAS military post and Seagates core disk drive operations were not fully valued in the market due to increased involution in Internet firms and cheaper data storage providers. The two-step transaction was olibanum believed by Seagates centering to generate signifi arouset wealth gains for its shareholders.Before making their decision Seagates has to consider some alternate(a)s to the previously described restructuring in order to speech its low stock price. The caller-up could sell the company as a whole, repurchase its own stock or sell off part of the VERITAS stake, or undertake a tax-free spin-off of either the disk drive business or its stake in VERITAS. We address each of these alternatives next.Seagate could choose to sell itself to opposite companies that may be interested. A merger or acquisition, in this case, could be either horizontal or vertical. Whereas a horizontal merger or acquisition could be beneficial for Seagate, because of the even high market in the very competitive disk drive market, a vertical merger would be less supremacyful as the company is a lready vertically integrated. However, it would be ideal for Seagate to be acquired by VERITAS as it holds 40 percentage of its shares. But VERITAS was not interested in entering into the disk drive indus endeavor as precaution believed this was to far away from their core software business.A second alternative for the company is to sell its VERITAS stock or repurchase its own stock partially in the open market, however. However both actions proved to be ineffective. commencement ceremony Seagates ability to sell of VERITAS shares was limited by a prior agreement made with VERITAS. Even if they could sell off the entire VERITAS stake, it still seems an undesirable resultant since the transactions would be taxable on both the incorporate as personal accounts. Second when the company performed a repurchase it had little impact on its stock price.A tax free spin-off would imply that Seagate spins off one of its business units, the core disk drive business or the VERITAS stake as a n entirely new company. However the internal revenue code, as part of the US statuary tax law, requires that both the distributing corporation and the controlled corporation must be engaged immediately after the distribution in an actively conducted trade or business for a five-year period. Further more it also states that the corporate divisions missing a business purpose can not be accomplished tax free (IRS, 2003). Clearly the VERITAS stake corporation pass on not requite these conditions and thus a tax free spin-off is unlikely. Besides the distribution must be the last resort for solving the business problem. In other words, it must be established that the business problem cannot be solved otherwise. This condition also does not hold since, as we go forth later see, the proposed two step transaction remains as a valid alternative.After reviewing these alternatives the proposed two step transaction seems to be baneful, mostly due to its low tax nature. As indicated in the c ase the stock-for-stock swap qualifies as a reorganization under the Internal Revenue Code, thus avoiding the tax implications as a swap. VERITAS ordain swap 109,330,300 shares for 128,059,966 shares previously owned by Seagate, and the tax advantage will be Huge as no personal or corporate taxes sustain to be paid on the transaction. Furthermore the decrease in full outstanding shares associated with the deal will cause earnings per share to rise, cetris paribus. In total this would be in the benefits of the VERITAS shareholders, enabling the two stage transaction to be pursued on their behalf.Seagates shareholders also benefit from the potential restructuring program. First they will chance 109,330,300 shares that have experienced a price increase of 200 percent after the half year that followed VERITAS acquisition of Seagates Network and Storage group. Compared to the 25 percent increase over the same period of its own shares this is a significant difference. Furthermore they will receive an additional amount generated from the sale of Seagates disk drive manufacturing assets (including $765m of cash) to the Suez Acquisition Company. The benefits to be received here, and thus also the potential benefits of Silver lake Partners L.P. are thus for the main part hardened by this price, which was not determined yet. Seagates employees will also benefit from the two step transaction as their incentive to perform increases significantly when the new Suez Acquisition Company is no bimestrial tight to VERITAS performance. Corporate governance is now considerable tighter than in the old situation. A sincere loser of the reorganization is the government that could have gained more in taxes if one of the pre-described alternatives were chosen.Levering the buyoutThere are a number of benefits of leveraged buy outs. Business efficiency improvements, increased interest tax shields, change of management or ameliorate management incentives and higher firm value are t he most classic possible effects.In the case Seagate an increase of the stock price was the most eventful target of the leveraged buyout. Before the leverage buyout Seagates stock price was more and more tied to VERITAS stock price. The performance of Seagates main business was a subordinated parameter. The trial to increase the stock price by means of selling VERITAS shares and buy own shares in the open market did not lead to the aimed target. Therefore a leveraged buyout was a possibility to lose the stock price from the performance of VERITAS. Besides of this main purpose to disconnect the stock price development from VERITAS also other peremptory effects of leveraged buyout could be realized, as the improvement of the market position of Seagate from a strategic and long-term point of view. As a consequence a higher probability to secure a dogmatic stock price development after being on the stock market again can be attained.Another tyrannical aspect of leveraged buyouts a re taxes that can be saved through higher debts and interest that is tax-deductible. Although it should be considered that interest cannot be deducted unlimited because of interest barrier rules or earnings stripping rules. Therefore the interest notwithstanding can be deducted to a certain extent, depending on the debt-to-equity ratio. There are particular regulations that differ from country to country. In case of cross-border leveraged buyouts the situation should be analyzed separately. Within the EU there is no different treatment in cross-border situations because of the freedom of establishment and the freedom of capital of the EC Treaty.A decisive argument of leveraged buyouts is the possibility that enterprises that were poorly managed before their acquisition can undergo valuable corporate reformation when they become private. An important change in the corporate structure is often the modification and replacement of the management staff or improved management incentive s. In the Seagate case Silver Lake was convinced about the abilities of the management squad. Silver Lake argued that the members of the management team had over ten historic period of experience in the disk drive industry and underlined that it was an important condition of the deal that the six top managers were taken over. In many articles it is argued differently as a restructuring without modification of management staff is much harder and there is a stronger opposition against many unpleasant but necessary changes. As incentives the management had to convert a portion of their Seagate equity into new equity and also got some deferred compensation. The rejection of unnecessary company sectors as well as the reduction of excessive expenditures also is an important factor for the success of the deal.In the leveraged buyout market stable and predictable cash flows and significant tangible assets which can be provided as security for bank loans are positive preconditions. These a re features that make an enterprise for private equity firms interesting to invest. In the 1980s and early 1990s industrial companies were strongly favored and technology business was avoided. This has changed as the technology sector has become more and more important and in the last years this sector has become increasingly more interesting for snobbish Equity investments (von Nell-Breuning/2010).The disk drive industry as part of the technology sector is distanced by heavy price competition, short product life cycles which are often no longer than six months and high expenditures on RD. These are features that make buyouts very risky. It makes it difficult to predict cash flows, which plays a significant usage for the success of a leveraged buyout. Nevertheless Silver Lake was convinced that in general the disk drive industry market development would be extremely positive and that the disk drives would be the key technological component in hardware products.It also should be ta ken into account that Seagate had a number of characteristics that were from a positive nature for a leveraged buyout like vertical integration for a better competitive position on the market. But also high RD while utilise up cash is a positive aspect to prevent market entry of smaller, less well-capitalized competitors. Another advantage of Seagate was the relatively high equity ratio compared with the technological industry. The equity ratio of Seagate was 26.6 per cent in June 1997, it was 29.6 per cent in June 1998 and in June 1999 the equity ratio constituted 23.9 per cent. The equity ratio of its competitors were lower, f.ex. the competitor Quantum HDD only had an equity ratio from about 13.5 per cent. The comely equity ratio of mature industries is between 20 and 25 per cent depending on the country.Capital StructureIn order to assess the capital structure of the deal and in essence the amount of debt the Luczo and the buyout team should take it is necessary to estimate th e firm value. Two molding are being considered for this task. The introductory one is the relative military rating model. The rationale for relative paygrade stems from the notion that the intrinsic value of an asset is difficult to estimate. Its value can be measured by the price the market is willing to pay for its assets, based upon its characteristics. The second model being considered is the DCF model. When comparing relative e valuation with DCF, one advantage over DCF is the reflection of market perceptions on the value of the company. Thus, in a perfect market, the perceptions of future prospects are already reflected in the stock price. It requires less information than DCF models and is therefore less prone to estimation errors. In addition, managers are often judged on a relative basis and relative valuation might therefore match their needs and horizons. Markets are assumed to make mistakes when pricing assets across time. DCF valuations detach themselves from market valuations and assess the fundamentals underlying the firm and its growth perspectives. Relative valuation leads to a reasonable estimate when there are many comparable assets that are priced in the market and a common variable can be applied to standardize the prices. Although the case offers some information on competitors we deem the data to be insufficient. Even more, relative valuation works best for investors that usually have relatively short investment horizons as it is rather difficult or impossible for the market to perceive long-term growth perspectives. In general a private equity investment(PE) spans on a 5 to 7 years time line meaning the PE investor has a medium to long-term investment horizon. More confidence in reasonable firm value estimation is thus assigned to the DCF valuation. The fundamentals of a company provide a prudent basis for estimations. Assumptions for the estimations are transparent while these are rather not in the case of relative valuation. A DCF valuation can be applied to long-time horizons and is thus more applicable for investors with long-term investment perspectives. In addition, a fundamental approach might work as a catalyst that moves the price in the market towards the real value of the assets.Silver Lake Partners L.P., as the bidder for the controlling stake of the company is interested in ancestry the firm value, meaning the value of the equity stake in association with debt. Cash flows coming from operating activities would therefore need to be estimated. A first step concludes in the calculation of free cash flows to firm (FCFF).The FCFF is computed based on the following assumptionThe company management provides three different projections for the buyout team The hind end Case, The Upside case and The Downside Case, each differing in EBITA and Revenues set. Capital expenditures and Depreciation are to remain the same in all three cases. The values utilize are provided in the operating performance projecti ons table of Seagate. The working capital(WC) is mentioned in the case as being historically equal to 0 for the industry so the change in WC is to be ignored. According to this values the FCFF can be computed.After total cash flow is calculated, it is brought back to NPV using the companys weighted average cost of capital (WACC). The WACC, which is defined by the relative cost of the companys debt and equity is also viewed as the required rate of return for the company and its investors to compensate them for the inhering risks of ownership and realization risk for projected cash flows. The value for the risk free rate and the market risk premium have been set as given by Damodaran(2010) as 3.20% and 2.05% respectively. The beta of the company is supplied by the case as 1.2. Thus we come to the value of 6% for the WACC. Based on the values of the FCFF and WACC computed we can now asses the present value of the firm in the years to come. By summing up this values for the required ti me horizon we get to the firm values for the three casesFigure 1 Firm value synopsisAs it can be observe the firm values for the cases register important differences. The Upside case stands out. Comparable to this the Downside Case has a much smaller difference. In order to better account for the possibility of worse than expected, but more importantly, for better than expected performance in the company we consider that the average of the three values should be used as the firm value and as the price the buyout team should pay meaning US$2.224 billion.We have determined a purchase price of $2.22 billion that Silver Lake Partners will pay to acquire the operations of Seagate. This will be a leveraged buyout that includes two different equity sources and two different debt sources. Our proposed capital structure will consist of 79% percent equity and 21% percent debt. This structure was chosen based on the BBB three-year median rates as referenced in the case (Exhibit 11). The EBI T Interest reportage ratio set the median value over 1997 to 1999 of 3.9x. In order to get the highest value for the firm when deciding to sell it, the PE firm will try to maintain its rating or even to improve it so it makes sense experience to consider the BBB value as appropriate. Even more lower rating will also mean higher interest rates for its debt. Using this value and the EBIT values provided for the case we can compute the amount of interest that the firm can afford to pay every year. It can be noticed in Exhibit 1 that the lowest value for EBIT is predicted in year 2000 so it makes sense to consider this value as a benchmark as the following years the performance is expected to improve. Starting from amount of interest that the firm can afford to pay every year we calculated the value of debt that the firm has to take in order to be required to pay that amount of interest. This adds up to US$468.31 meaning 21% of the price recommended for the deal. By comparing this resu lt with the values provided in Exhibit 11 from the case it can be noticed that the firm will remain under BBB rating. The remaining 79% is to be provided by the buyout team in form of equity. It should also be considered that Silver Lake Partners L.P. will receive US$765 million by acquiring Seagate, funds that can be used as equity for the deal.Figure 2 level of debt analysisIn order to better assess the impact of the three scenarios on the capital structure of the deal we also used the values computed under The Base Case, The Upside Case and The Downside Case. Again it can be noticed that the better performance predictions stand out. This is based on the possibility that in the latter years of the investment the firm will perform over the expectations even though 2000 is perceived as the same in all cases.

Social Criticism Contained In Fahrenheit English Literature Essay

Social Criticism Contained In Fahrenheit(postnominal)(postnominal) English Literature EssayI was walking and public lecture with a writer friend , when a police car pul guide up and an officer stepped aside to ask what we were doing. Putting angiotensin-converting enzyme foot in drift of the other, I said . That was the wrong answer. The police worldly concern repeated his question. I replied, Breathing the air, talking, conversing, walking , its illogical, youre stopping us. If we had wanted to rob a shop, we would flip driven up in a car . As you see, we have only our feet. Walking, eh?, said the officer dont do it again (Bradbury 1993, p.57)This encounter was the inspiration for a young Bradbury, who acquire his living selling short stories, to write his novella The Fireman. But due to the tense policy-making situation in America he had problems to make this tommyrot public. Nevertheless, an avant-garde publisher was delighted by the story and wanted to print it, upon c ondition that its author expanded it to a novel. At first, Bradbury doubted whether he could fulfill that, exactly finally, in 1953, he completed the novel Fahrenheit 4511with great enthusiasm for he stated that I did non write Fahrenheit 451 it wrote me (Bradbury 1993, p.58). However, as Bradbury criticizes the political climate in the U.S., difficulties emerged again to find a publisher, who would print portions of Fahrenheit. Fortunately, a Chicago editor bought his manuscript to release it in three issues of his peeled magazine. It cancelled let out that the young editor was Hugh Hefner, the publisher of Playboy.This troublesome publication history of Fahrenheit markedly reflects the content of the novel beca utilisation it is unsex in a world, where censorious or dissident individuals atomic number 18 oppressed. Analogously, political resistance cause difficulties for Bradbury to level criticism against American society in his novel. On these grounds, this paper exami nes in which respects the topics of Fahrenheit contain criticism of society and how the fictional story refers to the sociopolitical circumstances of the 1950s in America.2. Criticism of society in Ray Bradburys Fahrenheit 451Within the primary(prenominal) motives of the novel, Bradbury incorporated criticism of society. So, in the following, the socio-critical implications of the topics pleasure, engineering, censorship and prevail sunburning will be carved out.2.1 Entertain mentEntertainment plays an important role in Fahrenheit since it is employed to manipulate society. It is ubiquitous in any situation so that eitherday life of the citizens is characterized by steady diversion. For instance, tiny Seashell Radio receivers be conceived as electronic equipment to fob minor news and toneless music off on the population. Mildred the protagonists wife and a generic playative of society even wears the Seashells man sleeping so she is completely captivated by the government s propaganda. Moreover, in every living room, huge walls be installed which resemble a standard TV but span over several walls and broadcast three-dimensional footage. People watching these programs consider the actors to be familiar persons as they be able to interact with them. Mildred is powerfully influenced by this entertainment medium since she is looking forward to reading out some missing lines in a scene, which have been mailed to her for participating in the program. Thus, she feels satisfied as all look at her out of the three walls and she says the lines (Bradbury 1953, p.23). As the two statements I think thats fine and I sure do (ibid) are the lines she has to read, Mildred subconsciously indicates her agreement with what is being said (Booker, p.88).Furthermore, omnipresent advertisements like two-hundred-foot-long billboards in the streets or the train radio prevent people from thinking by directing their attention toward repetitious slogans. In order to visit his confederate Faber, Montag goes by subway where he suddenly starts to scream Shut up, shut up, shut up (Bradbury 1953, p.73) when hearing a dentifrice advertisement, whereas the other passengers are tapping their feet to the rhythm of Denhams Dentifrice, Denhams Dandy Dental Detergent, faintly twitching the words Dentifrice Dentifrice Dentifrice (ibid). Other devices that illustrate the biasing impact of entertainment in the novel are joke-boxes that repeat the same jokes most of the time (Bradbury 1953, p.32) and music walls in cafes on which colored patters are running up and down (ibid). through with(predicate) the perpetual influence of the media, emotions and own thoughts are debarred from the public and besides intellectualism and curiosity are repressed. Hence, the propaganda spread in the media maliciously deceives the citizens so that they are under the whoremonger of having a part in determining that ideology (Booker, p. 88), although it is obvious that the opportunity for creativity is dulled (ibid) severely by the government. Even though the citizens are not compelled to adapt their selves to the state dogma, they do not revolt because they are manipulated by the anti-intellectualism spread in the media. Booker refers to this as a brainwash of the audience into conformist behavior (ibid). This attitude of the figures in Fahrenheit might be traced back to Bradburys biographical background because, during the Cold-War era, the dominance of mass media and entertainment increased immensely. On that score, American officials were convinced that if people could be persuaded that what they were getting was what they wanted increasingly simple and sensational entertainment, study reduced to headlines then they could be controlled (Charles, p. 13).Such control is also exercised at school since the educational system described in Fahrenheit intemperately relies on mass media and sports to prevent critical discussions. For instance, Clarisse reports M ontag on her school life in which she has to attend sports lessons like basketball or running as well as TV-classes, where they just run the answers at you, bing, bing, bing (Bradbury 1953, p.31). Correspondingly, Zipes argues that, in Fahrenheit, schooling serves to wash up the young so that they are tame, but the frustration felt by the young is then expressed in their fun outside school, which always turns into fero urban center (p.7).The literary conception of media consumption habits in Fahrenheit reflects Bradburys critical opinion concerning the role of television in society. Since the early days of television in the 1950s, new media has been crowding out traditional reading as a popular form of entertainment. Thus, in the face of the pupils declining reading ability, schools abandoned text-based teaching methods and increasingly used television in classrooms. This development is seized in Montags America, where entertainment, especially television, stupefies the populace b y saturating their minds with useless information (Booker, p.88). Consequently, the educational system in Fahrenheit tends to cram the pupils so full of non-combustible data, chock them so full of facts they feel stuffed, but absolutely brilliant with information . Dont give them any slippery stuff like philosophy or sociology to tie things up with (Bradbury 1953, p. 57f.).Bradbury wants to show the repercussions of excessive entertainment by describing a world in which people lose personal contacts and nearly turn out no relation to reality so that the government can manipulate the populace without any restraint. In this regard, the problem of delirium and loneliness caused by the persistent distraction of the media is not really with the system, but with the people (Booker, p.89) who are forced into line subconsciously because of the propaganda broadcasted all the time. Accordingly, Beatty states that any man who can take a TV wall apart and put it back together again is happ ier than any man who tries to equate the universe, which just wont be equated without making man feel bestial and sole(a) (Bradbury 1953, p. 58).2.2 TechnologyMedia does not form the only highly developed issue in Fahrenheit. Besides, the topic of technology is of importance. Although technology or so relates to entertainment in some respect, it must be considered a separate aspect that stands out due to several futuristic elements. Science in planetary is on a high level in Fahrenheit since houses are make out of a fireproof material, subways run under the city and banks are open all night due to robot tellers in attendance.Besides that, sundry science-fiction inventions prevail in Bradburys novel, such as the robotlike Hound. It is an electronic physical that injects morphine into someones leg and is employed to seek out a person who is wanted by firemen. What distinguishes it is that Montag wonders whether it is a stretch out or not. Correspondingly, the Mechanical Houn d is referred to as the suddenly beast, the living beast (Bradbury 1953, p.26). Montag flees the Mechanical Hound after his house has been burnt and he has killed Beatty. The pursuit is broadcasted on TV and as Montag can escape, the footage shows the death of some other person, who is pretended as him. By that, the propaganda aims to prove society that rebels have no chance to protest and get killed in case they take flight. According to Zipes, the Mechanical Hound represents all the imaginative technological skills of American society transformed into a ruthless monster and is used to obliterate dissenting humanity (p.9).As Bradburys novel can be seen as a reflection of the 1950s in America, the Mechanical Hound takes up the fear of robots during this time. In the 1940s, the first robots were built after the invention of the calculating machine by Zuse in 1941. Subsequently, they became a popular concept during the late 1950s and early 1960s, when automated machines were first used to instigate factory operators. Nevertheless, many Americans feared the nature of robots and were afraid that they might take control over human beings. Referring to this anxiety, Bradbury arouses criticism on the fast pace in which technologies have developed so that people lose control about the way their lives are determined by new electronic equipment. In Fahrenheit, a computer system keeps track of each and every citizen (Zipes, p.8) to ensure that everybody behaves in a politically correct way and does not develop an own opinion.In Bradburys novel, technology is also used in the field of medicine to deaden the senses while keeping people alive as machines (Zipes, p.6). For example, Mildred is treated by two men with two machines after taking an overdose of sleeping pills. One machine slides into her stomach like a black cobra down an echoing well (Bradbury 1953, p.18) and pulls out all the content. The second machine pumps all of the blood from the body and replaces it with fresh blood and serum (ibid). As this process of revival is very versed, Montag asks the operators how often they use these machines. It turns out that every night they are employed for at least nine times. Carrying someone elses blood is an extraordinary perception for Montag so he is floor at hearing that so many people take an overdose and must be rescued by blood transfusion.Another way of apply technology can be spotted in the communication betwixt Montag and his mentor Faber, who has built a bullet that enables a permanent contact mingled with them. It is a tiny device that cannot be observed since it is placed in the ear and resembles a Seashell Radio. Due to this invention, Faber can counsel Montag on his reactions and answers in every precarious situation that is brought by the fact that Montag owns makes. So here technology is employed to emancipatory and humanistic interests (Zipes, p.7).Throughout the entire novel, war is omnipresent. Radio broadcasts wrong i nformation about current attacks or force-levels and warns that war can erupt at any moment even though jet bombers are flying above the city several times a day. The populace in Fahrenheit started and won two atomic wars (Bradbury 1953, p. 68) and a third one destroys the city at the end of the novel. By that, Bradbury wants to criticize the rapid nuclear mail race during the Cold War (Zipes, p.7), after seeing the consequences of the bombings in Hiroshima and Nagasaki in 1945. The Cold-War era lasted from 1947 until 1991 and was characterized by a constant political tension between the Soviet Union and the Western world (Greiner). This tense situation was attributable to the strong dichotomy of political ideologies and the fear that this conflict could escalate and lead into a nuclear war was very widespread, particularly in the United States. A historical event that change Bradbury in this context was the Korean War from 1950 until 1953. It was a proxy war between the Eastern and the Western Block in which the U.N supported the republic of Korea, whereas the Peoples Republic of Korea achieved assistance by the Soviet Union (Hickey).2.3 Limitation of fundamental rightsDespite the fact that governmental activities are not described in detail, their impact on society and daily life is apparent in regard to manifest restraints In Fahrenheit, the freedoms of information, expression and press are severely restricted.For instance, the people acting in the novel are not informed about the true situation concerning the atomic war because government deludes them through its censorship. This delusion has far-reaching consequences, namely the destruction of the city by an atomic bomb at the end of the story since propaganda has hindered individuals to foresee their imminent destruction (Bradbury 1953, p.140).Similar to the government in Fahrenheit, the Office of Censorship heavily censored reporting on warfare during the Second World War. At that, information which could be useful for the opponent should not be broadcasted neither on TV nor radio. In this connection, the office was also responsible for concealing the existence of atomic bombs so the American population did not know about them in advance the bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki (Hanyok).The parallel between history and the fiction in Fahrenheit continues in the 1950s with respect to the delusion about weapons of war. Thereby, the stifling atmosphere delineated in the novel comments on the intellectually heavy climate in America. Although the Bill of Rights guarantees all Americans the freedoms of talk and press as a constitutional right, censorship was at these times allowed and enforced by the United States government (Bruck, p.10). By means of prior restraint, which was considered a de-facto-censorship, government could injure First Amendment rights and control the publishing of unwanted ideas (Pfister, p.141 f.). For example, in 1950, the magazine scientific America was f orced to censor an bind about a Hydrogen-bomb. The magazines publisher argued that only facts, which have been public before, were part of the article and that only a few lines referred to construction details of the bomb. Moreover, he brought forward the argument that the Americans needed this information in order to form an intelligent judgment. Nevertheless, Scientific America was constrained to publish a redacted version of the article and had to destroy the original run of the issue (Swanberg).In addition, further measures of censorship and infringement are briefly worded in the novel. In order to prevent people from communicating, the government eliminated the porches from all houses (Bradbury 1953, p.59) and closed all Liberal Arts Colleges (Bradbury 1953, p.69).Heretofore, this paper analyzed the methods with which the government in Fahrenheit brings the population into line. Hence, the treatment of those, who do not adapt to this enforced conformity, will be examined.On th e one hand there are individuals, who do not adapt their selves to the rules, like Clarisse McClellan. She likes asking questions and deliberating about everything. Even her hobbies going hiking in the mountains, bird watching and collecting butterflies (Bradbury 1953, p.25) are very shadowy because it is exceptional that someone is interested in something that has nothing to do with media. Owing to her unadjusted personality, Clarisse has to see a psychiatrist who should investigate why she is rather doing things on her own than participating in car races with her friends (Bradbury 1953, p. 25). Despite her chatty attitude, Clarisse is considered to be antisocial, treated like a stranger and excluded from society.On the other hand, those who offensively take the system are punished immediately. As soon as the firemen are informed about somebody who owns books, they march out to burn the books together with the persons home. Thereupon, convicted book owners are sent to the asylu m (Bradbury 1953, p.34). In order to avoid the menacing exile, critics set up a hidden camp on a woebegone riverside (Bradbury 1953, p.130). Viewed in this light, people who deviate from what is normal place themselves outside the protection of society (Charles, p.13).In Fahrenheit, Bradbury depicts an atmosphere of insecurity and lack of faith between the characters. Dissident individuals have to live in constant scare of denunciation and ban. As an example, Mildred betrays Montag to the firemen on account of the fact that he owns books (Bradbury 1953, p. 103).This practice of political condemnation relates to the atmosphere in the United States during the late 40s and early 50s. Several evolutions of the Cold War, such as the detonation of an atomic bomb by the Soviets in 1949, led to an increasing anti-Communist hysteria in America. Reflecting the decreasing faith within society, the House Committee on Un-American Activities (HUAC) set itself to purify America of any communist ic activities in the course of the Second Red Scare. For example, in 1947, the HUAC inquired whether a group of Hollywood screenwriters called the Hollywood Ten supported Communist propaganda. The accused, mainly directors, radio commentators and actors, were blacklisted and boycotted by their studios. These proceedings led to the social isolation of the artists so that they did not succeed in finding new jobs (Emmons, p.xviii Georgakas).A further wave of Communist persecution in the U.S. went down in history as McCarthyism. In 1950, Senator Joseph McCarthy delivered a speech in which he asserted that the State Department wittingly employed communists. This speech made McCarthy nationally famous and is considered to be the opening act of a long-lasting period of Communist repression. Americans were able to watch Senate hearings on TV in which McCarthy exposed alleged Communists. These public inquiries created an atmosphere of fear and mistrust that left many Americans unsure, whethe r to confide in their neighbors, public officials or media figures (Emmons, p.xxi).2.4 Book burningThe hardest assist of censorship in Fahrenheit is the ban of all books. Owning books is a capital offence that is cursed with burning the books and arresting their readers (Bradbury 1953, p.34). The high relevance of this aspect is already suggested by the title of Bradburys main work Fahrenheit 451 is the exact temperature at which book paper catches fire. On top of that, it is a striking feature that, in the novel, the firemens job is to burn books instead of slacking a fire (Bradbury 1953, p.9).In Fahrenheit, book burning is propagandistically justified by technology, mass exploitation and minority blackjack (Bradbury 1953, p.54). More precisely, captain Beatty reports that book burning started when modern technologies like photography, radio and television were invented and displaced books (Bradbury 1953, p.51). Furthermore, he blames the huge population to be a factor which caus ed the book burnings. He argues that the bigger a population is, the bigger the minorities are. Consequently, authors had to stop dealing with controversial issues in order not to offend any minority group.beyond that, an important reason for books to be excluded from society is that they are considered to cause unhappiness. Propaganda declares that people could not deal with literature without being unhappy or feeling lonely (Bradbury 1953, p.57).In his essay Burning Bright, Bradbury points out that he related the motive of book burning in Fahrenheit to historical events, particularly to the book burnings that had been carried out by the Nazis during the 1930s and 1940s (Bradbury 1993, p.58). At that time, books of Jewish and degenerated artists were first blacklisted and then burnt (Lischeid, p.105f.). On May 10, 1933 more than 25,000 books were burnt by German students because the German Student Associations Main Office for Press and Propaganda proclaimed a nationwide Action agai nst the Un-German Spirit (United States Holocaust Memorial Museum). Especially works by Sigmund Freud, doubting Thomas Mann, Heinrich Heine, Karl Marx, H.G. Wells and Erich Maria Remarque affected (Charles, p14) since they were considered a threat to the state-enforced conformity (United States Holocaust Memorial Museum). In this point, the Nazi book burnings resemble the ones in Fahrenheit because, in both cases, the motivation of destroying books is to forcefully maintain an idea of man that is predefined by ideology.Where they burn books, they will end in burning human beings, Heinrich Heine wrote in 1821, one century before the Third Reich. History has proved this to be a true prediction (Charles, p.15) First the Nazis burnt Jewish and degenerate books and later they started to burn Un-German individuals in concentrations camps. In Fahrenheit, a parallel to this development can be perceived. An old book-owning woman is burnt alive for she refuses to leave her house when firemen arrive to set her house on fire (Bradbury 1953, p.38f.). Montag is the only one who exhibits a guilty conscience about burning a woman alive and starts wondering about the books distinctiveness and the reasons why you might die for them.By using the book burning motive Bradbury criticizes the hard means which are applied to control the thoughts of the citizens as well as the locking up individuals who do not adapt to the common rules (Bradbury 1953, p.34). But in the end of the novel, the authors outlook is not solely hopeless. When the city is destroyed, the book lovers are the only ones who survive so it is up to them to rebuild a civilization that neither persecutes intellectuals nor infringes personal freedoms.3. ConclusionSince Bradburys novel is more than 50 years old like a shot, the question, whether its social criticism is still valid today, emerges.To start with, the futuristic media described in Fahrenheit envisioned the popularity of headset radios, interactive TV and live new broadcasts (Bruck, p.58) that are in style today. But for the main part of his novel, Bradbury intended to put a critical focus on entertainment and the resulting alienation within society. In this context, the currently discussed effects of excessive media consumption are comparable to those described in Fahrenheit. For example, persons who are addicted to computer games give up all their personal contacts. Connected with the media, the novel also addresses the manipulative use of it that persists down to the present day. For instance, advertising still tries to influence people and most of them are not aware of it. Another point of Bradburys media criticism refers to the use of television in classes and the lacking education of adolescents. As most of the young people today rather use modern media in their leisure than spending their time reading books, Bradbury was right in foreseeing that the reading levels will drop.However, concerning the fear of the nuclear arms race during the Cold War, the social criticism in Fahrenheit is not up to date anymore. Cold War ended in 1990 and the U.N. pursues a disarmament policy to reduce the number of high tech weapons. But what is frightening about those weapons today is the question to which extent they would pose a threat to manhood if they fell into the hands of terrorists.In his novel, Bradbury also criticized the infringement of the expression of opinion as he envisioned a world where dissident individuals were punished. Today, such an oppressive climate still prevails in North Korea and other totalitarian regimes that enforce censorship. But in America, everybody is free to say what she is thinking. The book burnings mentioned in the novel represent a strong measure of governmental censorship, whereas in modern-day America, the American Library Association promotes intellectual freedom (American Library Association). But nevertheless, some inglorious books are still banned from schools and public libr ariesSo all in all, the social criticism contained in Fahrenheit is still valid today to a large extent.

Cant Help Falling in Love :: Music Romance Elvis Presley Essays

Cant Help Falling in Love Wise men say only fools rush in/ tho I cant help falling in write out with you/ Shall I stay/ would it be a sin/If I cant help falling in love with you/ Like a river flows surely to the sea/ Darling so it goes/ some things are meant to be/ get hold of my hand, take my whole life too/ for I cant help falling in love with you/ Like a river flows surely to the sea/ Darling so it goes/ some things are meant to be/ take my hand, take my whole life too/ for I cant help falling in love with you/ for I cant help falling in love with you loony toons Presley (1) Elvis may have been wise before his time, because research has found out that you cannot help falling in love. (1) Many recording artists sing somewhat love and how you cannot help the way you feel about someone when you are in love. Many researchers have done studies to find out what happens in spite of appearance the wag when you are in love and the results are interesting. Before one can unde rstand the emotion of love, one must look at emotions themselves and what they do within the brain.Emotions Emotions are defined as stereotypic patterns of the body, which are triggered by the central nervous system in response to distinct external environmental situations or to the recollection of memories related to such situations. (2) In other words, this means the emotions are the way the nervous system reacts to different situations one might find themselves in. In order to survive, emotional responses must be present. (2) Whenever an emotion is triggered, a network of brain regions (traditionally referred to as the limbic system) generates a pattern of stereotypic outputs, which ultimately come a biological response of the body. (2) These stereotypic outputs are what humans call emotions. They are predictable responses to certain situations, for instance when a person is in a sad situation, they will cry and feel depressed or if a person is in a happy situation, they wil l laugh and smile. These responses are because limited circuits of the emotional motor system have evolved to both generate this stereotypic emotional facial response, as well as instantaneously recognize it when it occurs in somebody else. (2) This holds true for people in love, when you see someone in love you can tell because their face tells all.

The effect of temperature on the reaction between Sodium Thiosulphate (Na2S2O3) and Hydrochloric Acid (HCl) :: GCSE Chemistry Coursework Investigation

Investigating the effect of temperature on the reception between atomic number 11 Thiosulphate (Na2S2O3) and Hydrochloric Acid (HCl)Planning and PredictionApparatus ListConical Flask3 measuring cylindersSodium Thiosulphate (Na2S2O3)Hydrochloric Acid (HCl)ThermometerStop watchWhen sodium thiosulphate reacts with hydrochloric acid, the originbecomes opaque. I will investigate how the rate of this reaction isaffected when the experiment is carried out at different temperatures.The reaction that occurs produces sulphur dioxide, water and sodiumchloride. graphThe rate of chemical reactions can be affected by a number of things changes in surface area changes in concentration of the reactants changes in temperature added substances called catalysts and changes in pressure if the reactants are gases.In most chemical reactions the rate changes with condemnation, normallyslowing down.PredictionI will be investigating the effect that temperature has on thereaction between sodium thiosulphate and hydrochloric acid. I predictthat the higher the temperature, the faster the reaction will occur.This should happen because when heat is applied to a solution theparticles in the compounds move faster and therefore come into contactwith the other substance more rapidly. More importantly, thecollisions are more energetic. An increase in collisions provides more slide fastener than there is in the activation energy, so the reaction isfaster.Preliminary InvestigationIn order to discover what ratio of HCl to Na2S2O3 I needed to conducta preliminary experiment, changing the concentration of the variousreactants.I will need a time of two or three minutes at 20C, my lowesttemperature, because I predict that the reaction will speed up as thetemperature is higher, and I do not want the reaction to happen injust three or four seconds once I get to 60C as it will be difficultto measure the time accurately. GRAPHIt was di scovered after the preliminary experiments that there hadbeen some contamination so the results were inaccurate. With a largeramount of Na2S2O3 than HCl the experiment should have happened slowernot faster.After further trials I discovered thatWater 40mlsNa2S2O3 10mlsHCl 5mlsgave me an adequate starting time of approximately 300 - 330 minutesat 20C.As a result of my preliminary investigation I will add water to dilutethe Na2S2O3, as otherwise it is too concentrated and the reaction

Reynolds Price’s The Great Imagination Heist :: Great Imagination Heist

Reynolds Prices The Great Imagination Heist discusses how television has corrupted the imaginations of todays American youth. The idea behind the word heist suits the title and story well however, I disagree with his idea that television and video games have stolen new imaginations.Has anyone ever thought about the people who produce video games and television shows? In all fairness, those who have made these forms of entertainment have far greater imaginations than those who disapprove of their purpose. Producers have indeed captured the minds of Americas youth and allowed children to exercise their imaginations in fantasy worlds. They do not intend to deprive children of their personal imaginations, exactly the intention is to expand their minds beyond what they see everyday, and beyond the common feelings they encounter in life by making them into something abnormal to the world even though what children believe is not and may never be real.Imagination does not always involve de aling with realistic feelings or reading books and having to understand ideas in an intellectual way. Imagination does not need to be taken seriously intelligence, on the other hand, should be taken seriously. Giving a child a book will test his reading and literacy skills. Putting a child in front of a 20/20 broadcast will veil him. Reading books are meant for learning, not to expand ones imagination. Children are not supposed to believe that television and video games are bad for them when this addictive hobby only makes them happy. It is only an excessive amount of television entertainment that will truly damage a childs intellect. Adults, however, understand some(prenominal) how to read and the difference between reality and fantasy worlds and the effects television has on their intelligence.The truth is that television and video games are a part of this genesis and they will not disappear soon.